Phase transitions in homogeneous biopolymers: basic concepts and methods
نویسنده
چکیده
Phase transitions in homogeneous biopolymers: basic concepts and methods. The basic models of helix-coil transitions in biomolecules are introduced. These include phenomenological, zipper (Bragg-Zimm) models of polypeptides, loop-entropy (Poland-Scheraga) and Hamiltonian (Peyrard-Bishop) models of homogeneous DNA denaturation. The transfer integral approach to one-dimensional thermodynamics is presented in some detail, including the necessary extensions to deal with the singular integral equations arising in the case of on-site potentials with a flat top. The (non-)applicability of the theorems which prohibit phase transitions in one-dimensional systems is discussed.
منابع مشابه
بررسی اثر برخی افزودنی ها بر انتقالات فازی و رفتار حرارتی آمونیوم نیترات
Ammonium nitrate (AN) is widely used in fertilizers, civilian explosives and military explosives. Due to crystalline phase transitions and density changes of AN in the ambient conditions, its usage as oxidizer in solid propellants has some limitations as compared to ammonium perchlorate (AP). Several methods have been introduced to overcome these problems. In the present paper, the phase transi...
متن کاملCosmological Phase Transitions *
In this lecture at a school for condensed matter physicists, I begin with basic concepts and tools for investigating phase transitions in quantum field theory. The very different roles of global and gauge symmetries in phase transitions will be elucidated. Among the important applications of the basic theory the thermodynamics of the electroweak transition is treated in detail, and the implicat...
متن کاملسیستمهای ناکام و همبسته الکترونی
Quantum phases and fluctuations in correlated electron systems with frustration and competing interactions are reviewed. In the localized moment case the S=1/2 J1 - J2 - model on a square lattice exhibits a rich phase diagram with magnetic as well as exotic hidden order phases due to the interplay of frustration and quantum fluctuations. Their signature in magnetocaloric quantities and the hig...
متن کاملMagnetic Properties and Phase Transitions in a Spin-1 Random Transverse Ising Model on Simple Cubic Lattice
Within the effective-field theory with correlations (EFT), a transverse random field spin-1 Ising model on the simple cubic (z=6) lattice is studied. The phase diagrams, the behavior of critical points, transverse magnetization, internal energy, magnetic specific heat are obtained numerically and discussed for different values of p the concentration of the random transverse field.
متن کاملPhase transitions in sequence matches and nucleic acid structure.
Analyses of phase transitions in biopolymers have previously been restricted to studies of average behavior along macromolecules. Extremal properties, such as longest helical region, can now be studied with a new family of probability distributions [Arratia, R., Gordon, L. & Waterman, M. S. (1986) Ann. Stat. 14, 971-993]. Not only is such extremal behavior analyzed with great precision, but new...
متن کامل